There are a variety of diagnostic exams your doctor may recommend to determine the cause of your back and/or neck pain, as well as the type of treatment that may be appropriate for you.
A myelogram involves injecting a radiographic contrast dye into the sac (dura) surrounding the spinal cord and nerves, and then taking x-rays of the spine. This allows the radiologist to specifically x-ray the nerve roots.
Abnormalities within the spinal canal can potentially be identified to aid in the diagnosis of certain spinal problems, such as nerve compression or a disc rupture.
A myelogram may be used to identify:
During the exam, you will lie on your stomach or side on an x-ray table. A local anesthetic will be placed on the skin over the test area, and with the assistance of fluoroscopy (x-ray guidance imaging), your doctor will insert a thin needle into the spinal canal for placement of the dye. A sample of spinal canal fluid (cerebrospinal fluid) may be taken before the dye is put in the canal.
After the dye is injected, x-ray images will be taken. When the exam is complete, the needle will be removed and your exam area cleaned and bandaged. Following the myelogram, you'll be taken to a recovery area where you'll rest lying down with your head elevated for several hours.
For at least 24 hours after your exam, quiet non-strenuous activities are recommended to allow your puncture site to heal. You should also drink plenty of fluids (e.g., water, juice) to help clear the dye from your body.
There is some risk associated with a myelogram. Possible side effects include:
Before undergoing your exam, please advise your doctor of any medical conditions or allergies you may have, or medications that you're taking. Also ask your doctor or a member of his staff about any specific pre- or post-exam instructions they may have.